These results suggest that the proportions of human-borne infections may reflect the chimpanzee’s history, management system in the institute, or regional epidemics.

Antibodies tested positive against 29 pathogens at high or low prevalence in the chimpanzees. We examined serum from 14 captive chimpanzees in Japanese primate research institutes for antibodies against 62 human pathogens and 1 chimpanzee-borne infectious disease. Serological surveillance is one of several methods used to reveal infection history. Therefore, we need to study zoonotic pathogens that can threaten captive chimpanzees in primate research institutes. Recently, several respiratory disease outbreaks that are suspected of having been transmitted by humans have been reported in wild chimpanzees. The chimpanzee is an endangered species that is threatened by human activity such as deforestation, poaching, and human disease transmission. In addition, human diseases are starting to infect wildlife, especially non-human primates. An estimated 71.8 % of zoonotic EID events are caused by pathogens in wildlife and the incidence of such diseases is increasing significantly in humans.

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in wildlife are major threats both to human health and to biodiversity conservation.

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